While there is no single ‘cause’ of violence against women, evidence shows that there are four key drivers1:
Condoning violence
Comments, questions and jokes that downplay or justify violence against women are still very common and are often not treated seriously. Attitudes, words and actions that trivialise, make light of or justify violence against women allow people to think violence is acceptable or excusable.
Inequality between women and men
Women continue to earn less than men, are under-represented in political and workplace leadership roles and perform the majority of domestic labour. When men control decisions and resources, in the home or in public, they have an opportunity to abuse their power, while women have less power to stop it, call it out, or leave.
Gender stereotypes
Common ideas of how men and women ‘should’ act influence the types of roles they are expected to fulfill. Gender norms can be particularly harmful for women, as traditional female roles are commonly less valued. When male power is the norm, violence, including harassment and verbal abuse, can be used to ‘punish’ women who step outside of their expected roles.
Disrespect towards women
For some men, making jokes and comments that reinforce the idea that women should be less powerful than them is a way of bonding and gaining the approval and respect of their peers. When aggression and disrespect towards women are seen as part of being ‘one of the boys’, it is more likely that violence towards women will be excused.
To learn more about the gendered drivers of violence, read Change the story and Changing the picture or watch the Change the story video below.
